今天为开发数据库导入数据，使用sqlloader。记录一下遇到的问题及笔记。

1、表结构如下：

 oss@WINKSDB> desc member_actions; Name              Null?    Type ----------------- -------- ------------ PHONE             NOT NULL VARCHAR2(50) ACTION_TIME       NOT NULL DATE URL                        VARCHAR2(80) APP                        VARCHAR2(20) ACTIVE_LEVEL               VARCHAR2(10) 

2、要导入的文件（infile），是由log分析得来：

[oracle@devdb: ~]$ll -th deactive_actionlist.2009-09-23-rw-r–r– 1 oracle oinstall 49M Sep 24 03:11 deactive_actionlist.2009-09-23[oracle@devdb: ~]$head !$head deactive_actionlist.2009-09-232009-09-23 00:00:04,314 13560338333 user/registeruser comm deactive2009-09-23 00:00:17,053 13563963585 user/registeruser comm deactive2009-09-23 00:02:05,704 13810843712 user/registeruser comm deactive2009-09-23 00:02:41,097 13609331107 user/registeruser comm deactive2009-09-23 00:02:43,330 13520106592 user/registeruser comm deactive2009-09-23 00:04:18,818 18702967004 user/registeruser comm deactive2009-09-23 00:05:52,878 15106936277 user/registeruser comm deactive2009-09-23 00:09:14,438 13483699551 user/registeruser comm deactive2009-09-23 00:09:37,988 15910669392 user/registeruser comm deactive2009-09-23 00:09:46,555 15819008127 user/registeruser comm deactive

3、sqlloader的controlfile如下：

 load data                                            --控制文件标识 infile 'deactive_actionlist.2009-09-23'        --要导入数据的文件名 truncate into table MEMBER_ACTIONS                  --truncate table MEMBER_ACTIONS_IMP后，再导入数据 fields terminated by " " optionally enclosed by '"'        --字符终止于“空格”，并附上"双引号(ACTION_TIME POSITION(1:19) date "YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS",     --infile中的日期／时间精确到千分秒，而ACTION_TIME列 为DATE型field2 FILLER,                                               --所以多了一段3位的千分秒，要把它漏过去phone, url,app,active_level)                                                       --定义列对应顺序 

说明：INSERT：为缺省方式，在数据装载开始时要求表为空。APPEND：在表中追加新记录。REPLACE：使用一种传统DELETE语句；因此，如果要加载的表中已经包含许多记录，这个操作可能执行得很慢。TRUNCATE：则不同，它使用TRUNCATE SQL命令，通常会更快地执行，因为它不必物理地删除每一行。

4、现在来导入并看一下产生的log：

[oracle@devdb: ~]$sqlldr oss/oss control=deactive.ctl direct=true —导入性能果然很快！只用了5.75秒。[oracle@devdb: ~]$cat deactive.logSQL*Loader: Release 11.1.0.7.0 – Production on Fri Sep 25 11:02:59 2009Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved.Control File: deactive.ctlData File: deactive_actionlist.2009-09-23 Bad File: deactive_actionlist.bad Discard File: none specified (Allow all discards)Number to load: ALLNumber to skip: 0Errors allowed: 50Continuation: none specifiedPath used: DirectTable MEMBER_ACTIONS, loaded from every logical record.Insert option in effect for this table: TRUNCATE Column Name Position Len Term Encl Datatype—————————— ———- —– —- —- ———————ACTION_TIME 1:19 19 WHT O(") DATE YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SSFIELD2 NEXT * WHT O(") CHARACTER (FILLER FIELD)PHONE NEXT * WHT O(") CHARACTER URL NEXT * WHT O(") CHARACTER APP NEXT * WHT O(") CHARACTER ACTIVE_LEVEL NEXT * WHT O(") CHARACTER Table MEMBER_ACTIONS: 821263 Rows successfully loaded. 0 Rows not loaded due to data errors. 0 Rows not loaded because all WHEN clauses were failed. 0 Rows not loaded because all fields were null. Date conversion cache disabled due to overflow (default size: 1000)Bind array size not used in direct path.Column array rows : 5000Stream buffer bytes: 256000Read buffer bytes: 1048576Total logical records skipped: 0Total logical records read: 821263Total logical records rejected: 0Total logical records discarded: 0Total stream buffers loaded by SQL*Loader main thread: 195Total stream buffers loaded by SQL*Loader load thread: 0Run began on Fri Sep 25 11:02:59 2009Run ended on Fri Sep 25 11:03:05 2009Elapsed time was: 00:00:05.75CPU time was: 00:00:03.26

5、最后，看看导入的数据有没有问题：

 oss@WINKSDB> select count(*) from member_actions;  COUNT(*)----------    821263oss@WINKSDB> alter session set nls_date_format='yyyy-dd-mm hh24:mi:ss';Session altered.oss@WINKSDB> col phone for a15oss@WINKSDB> col url for a30oss@WINKSDB> col app for a15oss@WINKSDB> select * from member_actions where rownum <= 10;PHONE           ACTION_TIME         URL                            APP             ACTIVE_LEVEL--------------- ------------------- ------------------------------ --------------- ---------------15850680739     2009-23-09 23:21:16 specialwinks                   comm            deactive15819468114     2009-23-09 23:21:16 winks/show                     comm            deactive15817936605     2009-23-09 23:21:16 winks/show                     comm            deactive13471875440     2009-23-09 23:21:16 message                        comm            deactive13262699996     2009-23-09 23:21:16 winks/show                     comm            deactive15129159347     2009-23-09 23:21:16 specialwinks                   comm            deactive13960018854     2009-23-09 23:21:16 specialwinks                   comm            deactive15860758584     2009-23-09 23:21:16 winks/show                     comm            deactive13880176827     2009-23-09 23:21:16 specialwinks                   comm            deactive15120901746     2009-23-09 23:21:16 config                         comm            deactive10 rows selected. 

导入的数据没有问题！
该服务器的CPU为1颗4核的Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5410 @ 2.33GHz     内存：4G

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